Journal: Journal of Neuroinflammation

Article Title: Promoting astrocyte-neuron triiodothyronine shuttling attenuates brain damage in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

doi: 10.1186/s12974-025-03641-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: A - C share the color blocks representing different subpopulations of astrocytes. A Circular plot of astrocyte subpopulations, showing the distribution and cell cycle of different subpopulations; B - C Changes in different astrocyte subpopulations between the Sham group and HIBD group; D Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among different subpopulations; E Multiplex immunofluorescence staining: co-staining of Dio2 + (red) and Slc1a2 + (green), ( N = 8); F Multiplex immunofluorescence staining: co-staining of Pcna + (red) and Fabp7 + (green), ( N = 8)

Article Snippet: The Dio2 overexpression plasmid and siRNA were created by OBiO Technology.

Techniques: Multiplex Assay, Immunofluorescence, Staining

Journal: Journal of Neuroinflammation

Article Title: Promoting astrocyte-neuron triiodothyronine shuttling attenuates brain damage in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

doi: 10.1186/s12974-025-03641-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Pseudotime analysis of astrocyte subtypes; B GO enrichment analysis of genes at 3 time points; C Pseudotime expression of genes in astrocytes overall; D - E Expression of Dio2 and GFAP at different time points in the HIBD group ( N = 6); F ELISA detection of changes in complement protein C3 at different time points in the HIBD group( N = 8)

Article Snippet: The Dio2 overexpression plasmid and siRNA were created by OBiO Technology.

Techniques: Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: Journal of Neuroinflammation

Article Title: Promoting astrocyte-neuron triiodothyronine shuttling attenuates brain damage in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

doi: 10.1186/s12974-025-03641-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: A - B Changes in cell-cell crosstalk between different astrocyte subpopulations and between astrocytes and neurons after HIBD; C Changes in signaling pathways of cell-secreted factors between the Sham group and HIBD group; D Changes in signaling pathways of cell-secreted factors in different astrocyte subtypes, where the color blocks represent the same subpopulations as in A-B; E Multiplex immunofluorescence staining showing changes in astrocyte Dio2 between the Sham group and HIBD group in different regions, with white dashed boxes indicating areas with significant changes; F Changes in Dio2 expression at different time points in the HIBD group( N = 6)

Article Snippet: The Dio2 overexpression plasmid and siRNA were created by OBiO Technology.

Techniques: Protein-Protein interactions, Multiplex Assay, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Expressing

Journal: Journal of Neuroinflammation

Article Title: Promoting astrocyte-neuron triiodothyronine shuttling attenuates brain damage in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

doi: 10.1186/s12974-025-03641-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Workflow of proteomic sequencing of Ctx tna2 (a rat-derived astrocyte cell line) after oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) treatment; B Sample Correlation Heatmap; C Differential Proteins by Subcellular Localization; D Autophagy-related differential proteins between the control group and OGD group; E GO and KEGG analysis plots of differential proteins; F Differences in Dio2 expression in Ctx tna2 cells at OGD and different OGD/reoxygenation (OGD/R) time points( N = 6); G Changes in autophagy-related proteins at OGD and OGD/R 6 h( N = 6); H Changes in Dio2 and autophagy-related proteins after OGD/R, as well as after Dio2 overexpression and knockdown( N = 6); I Schematic diagram of signaling pathways regulating autophagy initiation; J Changes in autophagy initiation signals induced by OGD/R and Dio2 alterations( N = 6); K Phosphorylation changes of core integrated stress response (ISR) proteins induced by OGD/R and Dio2 alterations( N = 6)

Article Snippet: The Dio2 overexpression plasmid and siRNA were created by OBiO Technology.

Techniques: Sequencing, Derivative Assay, Control, Expressing, Over Expression, Knockdown, Protein-Protein interactions, Phospho-proteomics

Journal: Journal of Neuroinflammation

Article Title: Promoting astrocyte-neuron triiodothyronine shuttling attenuates brain damage in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

doi: 10.1186/s12974-025-03641-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Primary rat neurons were subjected to the following treatments: normal culture, oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), OGD in co-culture with astrocytes, OGD in co-culture with astrocytes overexpressing Dio2, and OGD with triiodothyronine (T3) supplementation; B After modeling P7 rat pups, T3 treatment was administered consecutively for 3 days. At P10, whole brain tissues were collected from the Sham group, HIBD group, and HIBD + T3 treatment group for subsequent experiments; C Changes in non-specific neuronal markers in tissues after HIBD and T3 treatment( N = 6); D Changes in non-specific markers of primary rat neurons after different treatments( N = 5); E Changes in autophagy-related proteins and phosphorylation of core integrated stress response (ISR) proteins in primary rat neurons after different treatments( N = 6); F Hematoxylin-eosin (H & E) staining of the hippocampus in the Sham group, HIBD group, and T3 treatment group, with black boxes in the H & E images indicating regions with significant changes( N = 6); G Number of Nissl bodies in different regions of the hippocampus in the Sham group, HIBD group, and T3 treatment group, with black dashed boxes indicating the counting areas( N = 6); H Performance of rats from the Sham group, HIBD group, and T3 treatment group in the Morris water maze test( N = 8)

Article Snippet: The Dio2 overexpression plasmid and siRNA were created by OBiO Technology.

Techniques: Co-Culture Assay, Phospho-proteomics, Staining

Journal: Journal of Neuroinflammation

Article Title: Promoting astrocyte-neuron triiodothyronine shuttling attenuates brain damage in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

doi: 10.1186/s12974-025-03641-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic diagram of crosstalk between astrocytes and neurons. The upregulation of Dio2 in astrocytes can promote the production of triiodothyronine (T3), which in turn enhances astrocyte autophagy and alleviates the integrated stress response (ISR) in astrocytes. This further promotes nuclear transcription to secrete more neuroprotective factors, thereby exerting a neuroprotective effect. Meanwhile, the increased T3 produced by astrocytes is transmitted to neurons, which also reduces the ISR status in neurons

Article Snippet: The Dio2 overexpression plasmid and siRNA were created by OBiO Technology.

Techniques: Produced